How power producers generate profit

Solar power producers generate profit through various mechanisms, depending on their business models and market conditions. But, generally with support from government subsidies and favorable market conditions, most power producers can earn revenue via the following routes:

Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs)	Producers often enter long-term contracts with utilities or large consumers to sell electricity at a fixed price. This ensures stable revenue over the contract period.
Feed-in Tariffs (FiTs)	In some regions, governments provide fixed payments for the electricity produced by solar installations, incentivizing investment in renewable energy.
Net Metering	For residential and small-scale producers, excess electricity generated by solar panels can be fed back into the grid. Producers receive credits or payments for this energy, offsetting costs and generating income.
Energy Trading in Wholesale Markets	Larger producers can sell electricity directly in wholesale markets, benefiting from peak price periods when electricity demand is high.
Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs)	Producers earn RECs for every unit of renewable energy generated. These certificates can be sold to companies or utilities needing to meet renewable energy quotas.